Which element prevents film from exposure to white light and ionizing radiation during handling?

The correct answer is darkroom, as it is designed specifically to provide a controlled environment where light-sensitive film can be handled without risk of exposure. In a darkroom, all forms of white light are eliminated, allowing for the safe processing and managing of film, especially during tasks such as loading film into developing tanks or processing film.

A darkroom is equipped with light-tight conditions, ensuring that no unwanted light interferes with film before it is developed. Moreover, it may also be designed to limit exposure to ionizing radiation, providing a safe space for radiology professionals or photographers to work.

In contrast, the other options do not fulfill the same role. A safelight, for example, provides a type of lighting that is safe for certain types of film but is not meant for general handling. Film covers help protect film from physical damage and dust but do not prevent exposure to light. IS, which typically refers to information systems, does not play a role in the physical handling of film itself. Thus, the darkroom remains the only option that encompasses the complete protection required during film exposure management.